Boiler



BOILER Filed May 24 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 1&

WITAESSZS: IN VEN TOR Earl IZ T671205,

ll! ATTORNEY,

E. V. VARCOE Dec. 16, 1930.

BOILER Filed May 24, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet WITNESSES 1N VEN TOR ZZW'Z VVai'cae,

ATTORNEY Dec. 16, 1930. E. vv VARCOE 1,785,058

BOILER s Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 24. 1927 WITNES6ES: INVENTOR:

jZZu'Z V Varcae,

BY I 444%, TTO I Patented Dec. 16, 1930 PATENT OFFICE EARL v. vancon, orPBILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA roman Application filed May 24,

My invention relates to water tube boilers especially designed for usein self-propelled vehicles, such as automobiles, and has for an objectto provide a boiler capable of generating a larger quantity otsteamrelatively to its size thanis possible with boilers now in use.

It is a well known fact that the boiler tubes disposed in closeproximity to the fire deteriorates more rapidly than do those fartheraway and that the boiler parts containing the division between steam andwater are more subject to the chemical action of the water than are theother boiler parts. A form of apparatus by which the above objects areaccomplished is provided in the nature of a plurality of coiled tubesextending between headers, said tubes lying substantially concentricallywithin the same plane. j i r The efficiency of this construction may beincreased by providing a plurality of coils arranged in the above mannerand by filling the space at the center of these coilswith tubesprojecting transversely of the opening at an inclination to the axisthereof, and having their ends in communication with the said head. 1 iv Associated with these coils may be provided an insulating casing and asuitable heating unit.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a boiler embodying my invention butshowing the casing in cross section and having the asbestos omittedfrom'between the headers on one side.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the headers shownin Figure, 1, and

Figure 3 a sectional view taken on line 33 on Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a top plan View of one of the steam generating units shownin Figure 1 and also shows the boiler casing in cross seo tion.

Figure 5 is a central cross sectional view taken on line 55 on Figure 4,showing the steam generator unit only.

Referring now more in detailto the drawings, the boiler consistsprimarily of a plurality of steam generating units 10, 1 steam unit 11and a burner 12; all of which are on- 1927. "Serial No. 193,786.

closed in a suitable'boiler casing 13. Each steam generating unit 10 hasbeen shown as consisting of a header 14, a header 14*, a plurality ofpairs of coiledtubes 15, 16, 17 and 18, extending from one header to theother, and a plurality of bent tubes 19 extending from one header to theother. The upper coiled tubes have been designated by the numerals 15,16, 17 andlS while the exponent a has been added to-these numerals fordesignating the lower coiled tubes.

Tubes 15 and 15 extend from header 14, make approximately one andone-half turns and enter header 14 tubes 16 and 16 extend from header 14to header 14 making approximately one and one-half turns inside of andconcentric with the coil made by tubes 15 and 15"; tubes 17 and 17extend from header 14 to header 14 making approximately one andone-half. turns inside of and concentric with 7 the coil made by tubes16 and 16 andtubes 18 and 18 extend from header 14 to header 14 makingapproximately one and one-half turns inside of and concentric with thecoil made by tubes 17 and 17 In order to fill up the space inside of thecoil made bytubes 18, tubes 19 extend horizontally from header 14, at apoint below the coiled tubes then forwardly and upwardly through thiscoil,

and into header 14 v While but four pairs of coiled tubes have beenshown, in practice I employ nine pairs ofcoiled tubes in the size ofheader shown in Figure 4, so that they are disposed in close proximityto one another and substantially to fill the space from the coil formedby tubes 18 to the inside of the boiler casing. While I have shown butthree tubes 19, in practice I employ eight of these tubes in the sizeheader shown in order to completely fill the space inside the coil madeby tubes 18. The tubes 19 nearest the sides of headers 14 and 14 extendfarther toward the center of the boiler and are bent more directlyupward while the other tubes 19 are bent as shown in Figures 5 1 and 5.In this manner, the interior of boiler casing 13 is practically filledwith tubes disposed in close proximity to one another so as to extractthe maximum amount of heat tromthe products of combustion delivered 1 byburner 12. Further, more than two tub-es may be employed in each coilwhen so desired in order to increase the heating surface of the boiler.

Tubes to 19 inclusive extend through one side wall of header 14c and aresuitably welded or brazed on the inside .of the header so that there isno weld or other joint exposed to the action of the flame from burner12. The other side of header 14 consists of a removable cover plate 20secured in place by suitable bolts 21 and the header is prevented fromleaking at this pointby a gasket 22 interposed between the cover plateand the body of the heade Header 14- is the same as header 14 but ispositioned bottom upwards in the boiler, relatively to header 14. Boththe upper and lower sides of the headers merge into pipe bosses 23 bymeans of which two headers may be clamped together; it being understoodthat a suitable gasket is placed between the abutting bosses.

Steam unit 11 has been shown as having a steam tube 2d, extending from asteam header 25, making approximately a turn and a half and entering aheader 25, and steam tubes 26 and 27, extending from header 25, makingapproximately one and one-half turns concentric with the coil made bytube 2% and with each other and entering header 25. The steam tubes aremuch larger than the steam generating tubes and are welded to the insideof the headers so that the welds are not exposed to the action of thehot gases. These tubes act as a reservoir for the steam generated and asteam outlet 28 is connected to one of the steam tubes in closeproximity to header 25 so that steam may be drawn from all three inpractically equal quantities.

Steam headers 25 and 25 are alike and are similar to headers 1 1 withthe exception. that they are notprovided with pipe bosses and areprovided with but three connections for steam tubes. The bottom of eachheader is provided with two openings, adapted to register with pipebosses 23 on headers 14, and with two smaller apertures in its top inline with these openings in order to accommodate two rods 29 which areadapted to bolt the several sections together. The outside of header 25is closed with a cover plate in a manner similar to header 14.

In assembling the boiler, a steam generat ing unit 10 is aligned with astean'r unit 1! and as many more steam generating units 10 aligned withthe first one as are required to produce a boiler of the desiredcapacity. A casting 30 is then placed against the lowermost header 1&and pair of rods 29 inserted through the line of headers and drawn tightto hold the units in fixed relation with one another; it beingunderstood that suitable gaskets are placed between pipe bosses 23 andthe bottom of header 25, between each two abutting pipe bosses 28,between pipe bosses 23 and casting 30 and underneath the nuts on rods 29so that neither steam nor water can escape at these points. The otherside of the boiler is connected in a similar manner with the exceptionthat a casting 31 is secured to the lowermost header 1%. This casting issimilar to casting 30 with the exception that it is provided with aninlet 32 through which water may be supplied to the boiler.

Burner 12 is then mounted on the bottom of boiler casing 13 and thecasing assembled around the boiler in any suitable manner. The casingpreferably consists of a rigid outer shell 33, which encloses a wall ofheat resisting material 34, such as asbestos, and is shaped around orsecured to the headers. The spaces between the headers and between pipebosses 23 are preferably packed solid with aheat resisting compound 35,such as asbestos cement, and a metal plate 36 covers the space oppositecover plates 20 and is secured to shell 33 in any suitable manner.

Fuel may be supplied to burner 12 through a pipe 37 and the boiler ispreferably filled with water, through inlet 32, to the level of the topgenerating tube. When burner 12 is lighted, the products of combustionmust pass upwardly through the different layers and turns of steamgenerating tubes, pass over the steam tubes and leave the boiler casingthrough a vent 38. The products of combustion are practically held inboiler casing 13 until all available heat has been absorbed by the steamgenerating tubes which act as a multitude of battles to the hot gases;air, for supplying the burner, being admitted to casing 13 in anysuitable manner.

In operation, I find that a boiler constructed as above described, iscapable of producing an enormous amount of steam, relatively to itssize. Also, due to the multi' plicity of steam generating tubes, itextracts all the available heat from the fuel so that it not only has alarge capacity but is also economical.

Casing 13 is preferably made in sections, secured together in anysuitable manner, so that replacement or repair may be made to one of thesteam generating units or the steam unit with. a minimum of expense. Thesteam tubes and generating tubes may be inspected or cleaned by removingplates 36 and cover plates 20 without disturbing any other portion ofthe boiler.

Various changes in the details of the construction of the embodimentshereinbefore set forth may be made within the spirit of the inventionherein set forth and hereinafter claimed.

1 claim:

1. A steam generator including a pair of headers; a plurality of tubesextending from one header, making more than a complete turn spirally toform coils, and entering the.

other header; a plurality of tubes extending from one header, bendingupwardly and forwardly to pass through the coils, and entering the otherheader; and means for heating the tubes.

2. A steam generator including a pair of headers; a plurality of tubesextending from one header, making more than a complete turn spirally toform coils, and entering the other header, said tubes being disposed inboth vertical and horizontal rows in the region adjacent each header;and means for heating the tubes.

3. A steam generator including a pair of headers; a row oi generatingtubes extending from one header, making more than a complete turnspirally around the axes of the generator, and entering the otherheader; a second pair of headers in communication with the upperportions of said first pair of headers; a horizontal row of steam tubesextending from one header of the second pair, making more than acomplete turn spirally around the axes of the generator and entering theother header of said second pair; and means for heating the tubes.

l. A steam generator including a casing, a steam generating unit in thecasing, a steam storage unit connected to the generating unit,

1 and a burner for supplying heat to the units;

each unit having a pair of headers and a plurality of horizontal rows oftubes connecting the headers and formed into coils encircling the axisof the generator.

5. A sectional steam generator including a casing, a steam storage unitin the casing, a plurality of steam generating units connected to eachother and to the storage unit, and a burner for supplying heat to theunits; each unit having a pair of headers and a plurality of rows oftubes connecting the headers and formed into coils encircling the axisof the generator; the generating units having also a plurality of benttubes connecting the headers and extending through said coils.

6. A sectional steam generator including a casing, a steam storage unitin the casing, a plurality of steam generating units conuected to eachother and to the storage unit, and a burner for supplying heat to theunits; each unit having a pair of headers and a plurality oi tubesconnecting the headers and formed into coils therebetween; the tubes ineach generating unit leaving and entering the headers in horizontal andvertical rows and each of these units also having a plurality of benttubes connecting the headers and ex tending through the coils formed bythe first mentioned tubes.

7. In a boiler composed of a plurality of units; a steam generating unitincluding a pair of headers; a plurality of tubes, disposed one abovethe other to form a set, extending from one header, making more than acomplete turn spirally to form coils substantially cqui-distantthroughout, and entering the other header; and additional sets of tubesextending from one header in the same vertical planes as the firstmentioned set of tubes, making more than a complete turn spirally toform coils concentric with the first mentioned coil and with each other,and entering the other header.

8. In a boiler composed of a plurality of units; a steam generating unitincluding a pair of headers; a plurality of tubes, disposed one abovethe other to form a set, extending from one header, making more than acomplete turn spirally to form parallel coils, and entering the otherheader; additional sets of tubes extending from one header in the sameplane as the first mentioned set of tubes, making more than a completeturn spirally to form coils concentric with the first mentioned coil andwith each other, and entering the other header; and a plurality of tubesextending from one header, bending upwardly and forwardly to passthrough the coils and entering the other header.

9. A steam generator including a pair of headers; a tube extending fromone header, making substantially one and one-half turns spirally aroundthe axis of the generator to form a coil and entering the other header;other tubes extending from one header in the same horizontal plane asthe first mentioned tube, making substantially one and one-half turnsspirally to form coils concentric with the first mentioned coil andentering the other header; other tubes extending from one headerdirectly below the first mentioned tubes, making substantially one andone-half turns spirally to form coils in vertical alignment with theupper coils and entering the other header, and means for heating thetubes.

10. A steam generator including a pair of headers; a tube extending fromone header, making substantially one and one-half turns spirally aroundthe axis of the generator to form a coil and entering the other header;other tubes extending from one header in the same horizontal plane asthe first mentioned tube, making substantially one and one-half turnsspirally to form coils concentric with the first mentioned coil andentering the other header other tubes extending from one header directlybelow the first mentioned tubes, making substantially one and one-halfturns spirally to form coils in vertical alignment with the upper coilsand entering the other header; tubes extending frompne header, bendingupwardly, passing through the innermost coils and entering the otherheader, and means for heating the tubes.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

EAR-L V. VAR-E.

